Lava的自我世界-狂人乱记's profileLavaPhotosBlogListsMore Tools Help

Blog


    10/26/2007

    重庆行--12 忠县白公祠

    白公祠是白居易在忠县做县令时的官邸

     IMG_0772

     IMG_0766

     IMG_0823

     IMG_0817

     IMG_0767

         汉阙是汉代的一种纪念性建筑,有石质“汉书”之称,是我国古代建筑的“活化石”。
         汉代石阙,是我国现存的时代最早、保存最完整的古代地表建筑,距今已有近2000年的历史,堪称国宝级文物。
         汉代成对地建在城门或建筑群大门外表示威仪等第的建筑物。因左右分列,中间形成缺口,故称阙(古代“阙”、“缺”通用)。它的雏型是古代墙门豁口两侧的岗楼,在人们能够建造大型门屋后,便演变成门外侧的威仪性建筑,防御功能逐渐减弱。文献记载西周时已有阙,现存最早的遗物是汉代的,是了解汉代建筑的珍贵资料。现存汉阙中,河南登封县太室阙、少室阙、启母阙,山东济宁市嘉祥武氏阙,四川渠县冯焕阙、沈府君阙,四川绵阳县平阳府君阙,四川雅安县高颐阙,重庆忠县乌杨阙、丁房阙,无铭阙,其中乌杨阙是保存最好的汉阙,现存于国家级博物馆-重庆中国三峡博物馆,为首镇馆之宝。
      汉代是建阙的盛期,都城、宫殿、陵墓、祠庙、衙署、贵邸以及有一定地位的官民的墓地,都可按一定等级建阙。西汉长安城未央宫的东阙、北阙,建章宫的凤阙、 圆阙,是历史上著名的大阙。 传说凤阙高20余丈。这些巨阙除凤阙尚有夯土残址外,都已堙灭,现存的只是一些东汉或西晋的小型石造祠阙和墓阙,最高者不过6米。
         现存石阙中,基本完整的有25座,计四川16座,河南、山东各4座,北京1座,均用块石雕琢后砌成。其中4座为祠庙阙,余均为官、民墓阙。从形制上分有单阙和旁附子阙的子母阙两种,每种又有单檐和重檐的差别。重檐尊于单檐,子母阙尊于单阙。这些阙的结构又可分为仿木构型和土石型两种。仿木构型阙以高颐阙为代表,分台基、阙身、阙楼、屋顶 4部分。台基、阙身上雕出柱、枋和栌斗,阙楼上雕楼面平坐木枋、花窗和挑檐斗,屋顶雕椽及瓦饰,都很真实。这种阙虽是石造,却可视为可供登上防守用的大型木构阙的模型。土石型以太室阙为代表,只分台基、阙身、屋顶3部分,无阙楼或只示意性的使阙身上部稍微向外膨出。这是一种实心的不能登上的纯威仪性阙。

    IMG_0787

     IMG_0774

     IMG_0777

      IMG_0785

     IMG_0789

     IMG_0800

     IMG_0812

     IMG_0820

     IMG_0831

    IMG_0778

     IMG_0779

     IMG_0780

     IMG_0791

     IMG_0792

    Comments

    Please wait...
    Sorry, the comment you entered is too long. Please shorten it.
    You didn't enter anything. Please try again.
    Sorry, we can't add your comment right now. Please try again later.
    To add a comment, you need permission from your parent. Ask for permission
    Your parent has turned off comments.
    Sorry, we can't delete your comment right now. Please try again later.
    You've exceeded the maximum number of comments that can be left in one day. Please try again in 24 hours.
    Your account has had the ability to leave comments disabled because our systems indicate that you may be spamming other users. If you believe that your account has been disabled in error please contact Windows Live support.
    Complete the security check below to finish leaving your comment.
    The characters you type in the security check must match the characters in the picture or audio.

    To add a comment, sign in with your Windows Live ID (if you use Hotmail, Messenger, or Xbox LIVE, you have a Windows Live ID). Sign in


    Don't have a Windows Live ID? Sign up

    Trackbacks

    The trackback URL for this entry is:
    http://liufeng2046.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!48E13B2F90DD87D1!2071.trak
    Weblogs that reference this entry
    • None